We infer that electron transport chain of PSI acceptor side is more sensitive to heat stress than the chain before PSI in the expanded leaves. Therefore, electrons in PSI reaction center could not be efficiently drained to the downstream at high temperature, and then PSI oxidation was blocked. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: To investigate (1) the effect of running and drop landing interventions on knee cartilage deformation and serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) concentration and (2) if the changes in cartilage volume correlate with the changes in serum COMP level.
Methods: MLN2238 research buy Knee joint cartilage
volume and thickness were determined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as COMP concentration from serum samples before and after in vivo loading of 14 healthy adults (seven male and seven female). Participants performed different loading interventions of 30 min duration on three different days: (1) 100 vertical drop landings from a 73 cm high platform, (2) running at a velocity of 2.2 m/s (3.96 km), and (3) resting on a chair. Blood samples were taken immediately before, immediately after and 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h
and 3 h post intervention. Pre- and post-loading coronal and axial gradient echo MR images with fat suppression were used to determine the patellar, tibial and femoral cartilage VX-661 deformation.
Results: Serum COMP levels increased immediately after the running (+30.7%, pre: 7.3
U/l, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.6, 8.9, post: 9.1 U/I, 95% CI: 7.2, 11.0, P=0.001) and after drop landing intervention (+32.3%, pre: 6.8 U/I, 95% CI: 5.3, 8.4; post: 8.9 U/I, 95% Cl: 6.8, 10.9, P=0.001). Cartilage deformation was more pronounced after running compared to drop landing intervention, with being significant (volume: P=0.002 and thickness: P=0.001) only in the lateral tibia. We found a significant correlation (r(2)=0.599, P=0.001) between changes in serum COMP LY3023414 order (%) and in cartilage volume (%) after the drop landing intervention, but not after running.
Conclusions: In vivo exercise interventions differentially regulate serum COMP concentrations and knee cartilage deformations. The relation between changes in COMP and in cartilage volume seems to depend on both mechanical and biochemical factors. (C) 2011 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate whether the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method is an appropriate tool to assess the efficacy of antiseptic mouthrinses in terms of quantitative reductions of total viable microbial counts in mixed biofilm populations in vitro.
Study Design.