Also differing from Chromosera in having regular or subregular but not interwoven lamellar context, inamyloid pileus context,

and strong odors in some species. Phylogenetic support The tribe comprising Neohygrocybe, Gliophorus, Humidicutis, and Porpolomopsis consistently appears either as a single clade that is sister to Hygroaster (with Hygroaster basal to Hygrocybe) (4-gene backbone and LSU analyses) or in adjacent clades (ITS-LSU and Supermatrix analyses). Support for a monophyletic tribe Humidicutae comprising all four genera is 89 % MLBS in the 4-gene backbone analysis (99 % MLBS for selleck inhibitor it being a sister to tribes MGCD0103 concentration Hygrocybeae and Chromosereae), but support falls below 50 % in our LSU

analysis. In the ITS-LSU analysis, Neohygrocybe appears as sister to the Humidicutis – Porpolomopsis clade. These four genera are usually basal to Hygroaster—Hygrocybe s.s. (tribe Hygrocybeae) and distal to Hygrophorus and other genera of Hygrophoraceae. Based on the strongly supported placement of Hygroaster—Hygrocybe s.s. as sister to the Gliophorus – Humidicutis – Neohygrocybe – Porpolomopsis clade, it is untenable to treat these groups as sections within subg. Pseudohygrocybe, where the first three have traditionally been placed. Prior to Horak LY2109761 mw (1990), Young (2005) and Boertmann (2010), who placed Porpolomopsis species in Humidicutis, Porpolomopsis was treated in subg. Hygrocybe because it has long, tapered lamellar trama hyphae – an untenable placement that would render subg. Hygrocybe polyphyletic. Genera included Comprising the type genus, Humidicutis, together with Gliophorus, Gloioxanthomyces, Neohygrocybe and Porpolomopsis. Comments These segregate genera are often treated at subgenus or section Branched chain aminotransferase rank within the genus Hygrocybe (Table 1), which is justifiable as long as the genus Hygroaster is reduced to a subgenus so it doesn’t render Hygrocybe polyphyletic. We have selected subgeneric over section ranks for recommended names when using

Hygrocybe s.l. (Table 1) because they are strongly divergent, and there are more validly published names available when they are treated at this rank. Neohygrocybe Herink, Sb., Severocesk. Mus., Prír. Vedy 1: 71 (1959). Type species: Neohygrocbye ovina (Bull. : Fr.) Herink, Sb. Severocesk. Mus., Prír. Vedy 1: 72 (1959) ≡ Hygrophorus ovinus (Bull. : Fr.) Fr., Epicr. syst. mycol. (Upsaliae): 328 (1838) [1836–1838], ≡ Agaricus ovinus Bull., Herbier de la France 13: 592 and plate 580 (1793)] Lectotype here designated as fig. M in Bulliard, Herbier de la France 13: plate 580 (1793)]; Epitype here designated GEDC0877, coll. Griffith, Ffriddoedd Garndolbenmaen, Wales, UK, 19 Oct 2006, K(M)187568, GenBank sequences KF291228, KF291229, KF291230.