Consequently, W2N2 therapy had been best combination mode of water and nitrogen application for apple under SRI in Northern Shaanxi hill area.To explore the suitable tracking way for earth and plant analyzer development (SPAD) of cold temperatures wheat under waterlogging anxiety centered on hyperspectral and electronic image techno-logy, the correlations between SPAD for the waterlogged winter months wheat and fifteen indices of hyperspectral characteristic and fourteen indices of electronic picture feature were analyzed under a micro-plot that could be irrigated and drainage separately. Then, the BP neural community designs for SPAD estimation were constructed on the basis of the optimal tracking feature indices. Weighed against the standard cold temperatures dual infections wheat, SPAD together with value of hyperspectral reflectance didn’t alter under temporary waterlogging (lower than 7 d), whereas the SPAD was notably decreased after a lot more than 12 d waterlogging treatment utilizing the value being near to zero in the late phase of development. The estimation reliability based on the electronic picture qualities of green minus purple, extra red list, norma-lized redness index and extra green list revealed similar outcomes when compared with that using the BP system model based on the traits for the matching hyperspectral musical organization. The best R2 between your measured price therefore the expected worth was 0.86, whilst the root mean square error (RMSE) was 3.98. Compared to the BP community designs constructed with the electronic picture feathers, the accuracy of the models on the basis of the four hyperspectral characteristic indices (carotenoid reflex index, yellowish side amplitude, normalized difference plant life index and construction insensitive pigment list) for SPAD was notably enhanced, because of the greatest R2 of 0.97 plus the cheapest RMSE of 1.95. Our outcomes suggest that both hyperspectral and digital picture technology could be used to estimate SPAD value of waterlogged winter months grain and that the BP system model based on hyperspectral characteristic indices carried out better into the estimation reliability.To solve the difficulty of uncoordinated source-sink relationship that restricts the increase of peanut yield, we investigated the regulating outcomes of ethephon on the development of source-sink in cultivar Shanhua 9 by spraying at 10, 20, and 30 d after anthesis in a field test. The outcomes revealed that spraying ethephon at 10 d and 20 d after anthesis considerably Dibutyryl-cAMP in vivo decreased the amount of blossoms, pegs and younger pods, but enhanced the sheer number of immature pods and mature pods. Spraying at 30 d after anthesis would not affect the quantity of plants, pegs and young pods. Spraying ethephon could improve leaf area per plant. Spraying at 10 d after anthesis obtained the best leaf location per plant and also the increment amplitude decreased with the delay of spraying stage. Spraying ethephon at 10 d and 20 d after anthesis considerably enhanced the photosynthetic performance of peanut, whereas spraying at 1 month after anthesis enhanced the photosynthesis just within the short-term along with no result at late development duration. With regards to the comprehensive characters of supply and sink, spraying ethephon at 20 d after anthesis attained probably the most good source-sink commitment, which could promote the transportation of photosynthate to pods while increasing the commercial pods ratio genetic redundancy , pod fullness, and also the yield. Therefore, spraying ethephon is an effective training to resolve the problems of “more plants but less pegs” and “more pods but less kernels” in peanut. The optimum spraying phase of ethephon to manage flowering must be at 20 d after anthesis.The strategy of few or no-phosphorus fertilization in rice season but more in wheat season can effectively increase phosphorus use efficiency and lower phosphorus loss through runoff and leaching. It continues to be unidentified if the not enough phosphorus will affect greenhouse fuel emission in the rice period. We monitored the CH4 and N2O emission fluxes throughout the development amount of rice treated with regular phosphorus application (NPK) and no-phosphorus application (NK) in two long-term experimental areas in Suzhou and Yixing. The results revealed that long-term no-phosphorus application promoted CH4 and N2O emission both in industries. Compared with the NPK therapy, CH4 and N2O emissions through the NK treatment notably increased by 57% and 25% in Suzhou experi-mental industry, respectively, while those in Yixing experimental field had been additionally significantly increased by 221% and 70%, respectively. The contents of organic acid, mixed organic carbon and offered phosphorus in soil were reduced under long-lasting NK treatment, plus they had been closely related to CH4 emission. Soil readily available phosphorus content ended up being substantially adversely correlated with CH4 emission (r=-0.987). The worldwide heating potential (GWP) had been better in NK treatment than NPK treatment in both industries. Therefore, lasting no-phosphorus application could decrease the items of natural acid, soluble natural carbon, and offered phosphorus in grounds, resulting in more CH4 and N2O emission in rice field.To clarify the ramifications of combined applications of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) and nitrogen fertilizer (CN) on nitrogen k-calorie burning and nitrogen utilize efficiency of summer time maize, we carried out a field test in Xinxiang experimental station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2018 and 2019, with four nitrogen application prices (0, 62.5, 125 and 187.5 kg·hm-2), and two maize varieties of Jingnongke 728 (JNK728) and Zhongdan 909 (ZD909). The outcomes showed that throughout the two years CN-CCC increased maize yield by 7.7% and 5.0% under the nitrogen application prices of 62.5 kg·hm-2 and 125 kg·hm-2, respectively.