sanguineus The esters acted on oocytes in the early development

sanguineus. The esters acted on oocytes in the early development stages (I and II), which showed smaller size due to the impaired synthesis and incorporation of vitelline elements, making these cells unviable due to the action of the toxic product. The quality of the oocyte growth in arthropods is measured by the amount of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates incorporated during the formation of yolk granules. Despite controversies

about the way of acquisition (endogenous or exogenous) of lipid components deposited inside the cytoplasm, their presence is related to important functions, such as a nutritional reserve for the future embryo and the structuring of the oocyte chorion (Camargo-Mathias and Fontanetti, 1998). In the Enzalutamide mouse present study, lipid components were more evident in oocytes from all stages in TG individuals when compared to CG individuals it seems that, as with the protein components, there is an indirect effect of the action of esters on the synthesis Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor of lipids. Ticks could be using lipids of oocytes

as the main source of energy to compensate for the reduction or absence of carbohydrates that had their synthesis affected by the ester. This explains the increased presence of lipids in the cytoplasm of TG oocytes demonstrated by the strong staining through the technique applied. In addition to the oocyte participation

in the synthesis of yolk components (endogenous), there is also the participation of other cells and structures in the vitellogenesis of ticks. According to Oliveira et al. (2007), pedicel cells also play an important role in the vitellogenesis of ticks, synthesizing and transferring different substances into the oocyte. The present study found the occurrence of extensive vacuolated areas often located in the oocyte region that makes direct contact with the pedicel cell, suggesting that the toxic agent circulating in the hemolymph could reach the oocyte via pedicel cells. Similar results were obtained by Roma et al. (2011) Evodiamine for ticks exposed to permethrin and by Denardi et al. (2010) when studying the effect of aqueous extract of neem leaves on the vitellogenesis of ticks. Thus, the part of the oocyte in direct contact with the pedicel cells would be the first region to receive the toxic agent and the first to suffer from its action. According to Oliveira et al. (2006), the protein components of the yolk are only deposited in the form of granules in R. sanguineus oocytes in the most advanced development stages (VI and V). However, it could be observed that in oocytes I, II III, there is positive staining for proteins ranging from weakly to moderately positive, with the exception of oocytes I from CG individuals, which are negative to the technique used.

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