Thus, search of noninvasive methods of evaluation of CSF dynamics as well as cerebral hemodynamics in these patients seems to be an actual purpose. TCD due to its noninvasiveness, informativity and possibility of bedside monitoring may be used as a method of choice. According to data of cerebral hemodynamics assessment received by TCD learn more in patients with hydrocephalus, PI does not always indicate ICH. However, there is a reliable difference in CA in patients with ICH and without it. Positive correlation in all patients was revealed by correlation analysis between ARI and PS (r = 0.82, p < 0.05), which indicate possibility of replacement of

cuff test by cross-spectral analysis. The latter seems more physiological especially in patients with intellectual disfunction making the cuff test more problematic. It should be mentioned that some patients may have discrepancies between PS and ARI. In cuff test the decrease of BP may get below the lower limit of CA while cross-spectral analysis

of slow oscillations is usually performed within the limits of CA. Technical selleck products reasons may also cause discrepancies between PS and ARI. Cross-spectral analysis requires precise calibration and reliable fixation of transducers measuring BFV, BP and ICP, high signal/noise ratio during all time of registration and high sampling rate of registering devices. Postoperative registration of CA allows evaluation of surgical operation efficacy. In this study the group of patients with normotensive hydrocephalus was presented with patients who either did not meet indications for surgery

or operation was not effective and did not significantly improve quality of their lives. Confirmation of informativity of CA parameters in choosing management strategy requires further studies of patients with normotensive hydrocephalus compromising cerebral hemodynamics. It seems important to compare CA parameters with MR and CT imaging not only in the short-term follow-up, Elongation factor 2 kinase but also in the long-term one – after six and twelve months after operation. Preoperative CA assessment being more informative than PI evaluation can increase TCD valuability in noninvasive diagnostics of CSF dynamics’ state and may be helpful in clarifying indications for operation in patients with hydrocephalus. “
“With an annual incidence of about 795,000 in the United States [1], and a various incidence rate of 8–43.2 per 100,000 in Iran [2] and [3], stroke is a highly burdened disease [4] which is estimated to cause 5.7 million deaths in the year 2004 worldwide [5]. As a global considerable problem, much attention is currently paid to the potential risk factors of stroke. Although the previous well-known risk factors (e.g. hypertension, current smoking, diabetes mellitus, alcohol intake, depression, psychosocial, and lack of regular physical activity) were recently confirmed in a multicenter case–control study [6], more attempts are made to find out other probable risk factors.