When treated with

SumaRT/Nap versus BCM in this study, however, a significant proportion of subjects reported better treatment outcomes for themselves for both migraine pain and associated symptoms. Use of SumaRT/Nap was also associated with less rescue medication use and a longer time before use of rescue medication compared with both BCM and placebo. “
“Migraine offers a unique model to understand the consequences of repeated stressors on the brain. Repeated stressors can alter the normal response of physiological systems, and this concept has been termed “allostatic load.” In the case of the brain, the effects of repeated stress may lead to alteration in brain networks both functionally and structurally. As a result, the brain responds abnormally to environmental conditions PF-02341066 purchase (psychological or physiological). Here, we present an alternative perspective on migraine disease and propose that

changes in brain states may occur as a result of repeated migraine attacks through maladaptive coping mechanisms. The cascade of these effects can lead to further deterioration of adaptation and thus lead to transformation or chronification of the disease. “
“(Headache PS-341 molecular weight 2010;50:631-648) Adipose tissue is a dynamic neuroendocrine organ that is involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes, and when excessive, results in obesity. Clinical and population-based data suggest that migraine and chronic daily headache are associated with obesity, as estimated by anthropometric indices. In addition, medchemexpress translational and basic science research shows multiple areas of overlap between migraine pathophysiology and the central and peripheral pathways regulating feeding. Specifically, neurotransmittors such as serotonin, peptides such as orexin, and adipocytokines such as adiponectin and leptin have been suggested to have roles in both feeding and migraine. In this article, we first review the definition and ascertainment of obesity.

This is followed by a review of the clinical and population-based studies evaluating the associations between obesity and chronic daily headache and migraine. We then discuss the central and peripheral pathways involved in the regulation of feeding, where it overlaps with migraine pathophysiology, and where future research may be headed in light of these data. Obesity affects more than a billion adults worldwide.1 In the United States alone it has been estimated that 31% of men and 33% of women fulfill criteria for general/total body obesity, while 42% of men and 61% of women fulfill criteria for abdominal obesity.2 Both general and abdominal obesity have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.3-6 Obesity has also been shown to be associated with a reduced quality of life and pain disorders, such as low-back pain and more recently headache.